Leonard Woolsey Bacon

Leonard Woolsey Bacon (1830–1907) was an American clergyman, born in New Haven, Connecticut. He was a social commentator and a prolific author on religious, social, and historical matters. In social, political, and religious issues of his times, he often broke with the traditions of his countrymen, sometimes causing "great sensation".[1]

Contents

Biography

Leonard Woolsey Bacon was a son of the Congregationalist preacher Leonard Bacon, and a brother of George B. Bacon of Orange, New Jersey,[2] Thomas Rutherford Bacon of New Haven, Connecticut,[3][4] and Edward Woolsey Bacon,[5] all Congregational preachers. He graduated from Yale University in 1850, and in 1856 was ordained in Litchfield. He was also pastor of the First Church in Stamford, Connecticut (1862-65), and of the New England Congregational Church in Brooklyn, New York (1865-70).[6]

Subsequently he passed several years in Europe, chiefly in Geneva, as student, preacher, and writer; in Geneva he spent part of his time preaching to "American sojourning there."[2] From 1878 to 1882 he was pastor of the Park Congregational Church in Norwich, Connecticut, and later of other Congregational and Presbyterian churches. In 1887, he was the pastor of the Independent Presbyterian Church in Savannah, Georgia.[7] In 1898, he was pastor of the First Church in Litchfield, Connecticut.[8]

Controversial statements

Bacon evidently enjoyed getting involved in contemporary issues, such as divorce, temperance, Sunday rest, and the public conduct of officers of the United States armed forces. In many of these matters, however, he displayed a reluctance to impose religious views. When, in 1880, he wrote an open letter to The New York Times complaining about a steamboat company that evaded Connecticut's blue laws, he made it clear that laws mandating Sunday as a mandatory day of rest were not to be construed as endorsing any particular religion or discriminating "in favor of church-going".[9]

Bacon appeared to have had a habit of causing controversy. In 1884, for instance, he felt compelled, in another letter to the Times, to state that contrary to reports he was not in favor of "a uniform, universal divorce law throughout the States".[10] In 1887, when he was the pastor of the Independent Presbyterian Church in Savannah, he caused a stir by publicly declaring that he favored mixed (black and white) schools and that he would not mind his daughter being seen walking with an African American or even marrying one.[1]

In 1898, as pastor in Litchfield, Connecticut, he wrote a letter published in The New York Times chastising Captain Robley Dunglison Evans (known as "Fighting Bob"), later admiral in the United States Navy, for boasting and profanity.[8] Evidently this was part of a feud of sorts; the Chicago Daily Tribune reported on the news saying that Bacon "again fell foul" of "Fighting Bob" with his "sarcastic letter".[11]

Bacon's writing

Bacon edited Luther's Deutsche geistliche Lieder (New York, 1883), and wrote a number of historical and other books.

An Inside View of the Vatican Council

Bacon republished, with commentary, the speech of Peter Richard Kenrick, Archbishop of St. Louis, given in 1871 at the First Vatican Council; Kenrick spoke out against the dogma of papal infallibility. The booklet contains Kenrick's speech and other historical documents, as well as Bacon's own "acute and valuable remarks."[12]

Church Papers

His Church Papers: Sundry Essays on Subjects Relating to the Church and Christian Society (1877), written while Bacon was in Geneva, was praised in the New Englander and Yale Review as a "juicy little volume"; the reviewer hailed the merit and attractiveness of the essays, which are "the product of sound reflection, and of a familiarity not only with books, but with men and things."[2] He discusses such matters as the drawbacks of Congregationalism, which may allow for fallacious decisions by a random majority, and the Temperance movement, and the principles and methods of its zealous advocates.[2]

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ a b "The Rev. L.W. Bacon Questioned" (PDF). New York Times: p. 12. 1887-11-13. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9800EFDF1338E533A25750C1A9679D94669FD7CF. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  2. ^ a b c d "Rev. of Leonard Woolsey Bacon, Church Papers". New Englander and Yale Review 37 (142): 133–35. January 1878. http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=nwng;cc=nwng;rgn=full%20text;idno=nwng0037-1;didno=nwng0037-1;view=image;seq=149;node=nwng0037-1%3A1;page=root;size=s;frm=frameset;. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  3. ^ "Bacon's Unexpected Resignation.a New-haven Congregational Church Losing its Pastor on Account of the Dissatisfaction of a Few Members". The New York Times. 24 March 1884. pp. 1. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A03E4DA1238E033A25757C2A9659C94659FD7CF. Retrieved 2 March 2010. 
  4. ^ "Some Hit and Miss Chat; Stray Bits of Gossip from an Observer's Note Book. A Dream's Strange Sequel--one of Leonard Bacon's Sons--Clevelands of the Last Century". The New York Times: pp. 2. 7 September 1885. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C06E2D91139E533A25754C0A96F9C94649FD7CF. Retrieved 2 March 2010. 
  5. ^ Memorial biographies of New England historic genealogical society, 1853–1855, Volume 8. New England Historic Genealogical Society. 1907. p. 83. http://books.google.com/books?id=pJl4AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA83. 
  6. ^ General Council of the Congregational and Christian Churches of the United States, Executive Committee (1908). The Year book of the Congregational Christian churches of the United States of America. pp. 12. http://books.google.com/books?id=GhlKAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA12. Retrieved 2 March 2010. 
  7. ^ "Dr. Bacon's Pulpit Wanted" (PDF). The New York Times (Charleston, S.C.). Nov. 7, 1887. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9404E5D91E38E033A2575BC0A9679D94669FD7CF. Retrieved 2 March 2010. 
  8. ^ a b Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (1898-08-11). "Pastor Rebukes Capt. Evans; Dr. L. Woolsey Bacon, in Open Letter, Accuses Him of Boasting and Objects to His Profanity" (PDF). New York Times: p. 2. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=950CE2D61E39E433A25752C1A96E9C94699ED7CF. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  9. ^ Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (1880-08-25). "Reforming Sunday Laws; The Rev. L.W. Bacon on the Norwich Conflict" (PDF). New York Times: p. 5. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E06E3DF133CEE3ABC4D51DFBE66838B699FDE. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  10. ^ Bacon, Leonard Woolsey (1887-11-13). "The Divorce Laws" (PDF). New York Times: p. 12. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9405E3DD1238E033A25757C1A9649C94659FD7CF. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  11. ^ "Dr. Woolsey Bacon Again Falls Foul of 'Fighting Bob': Publishes a Sarcastic Open Letter to the Captain of the Iowa in Which He Belittles His Claim to Bravery and Generosity". Chicago Daily Tribune: p. 7. 1898-08-11. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/422893091.html?dids=422893091:422893091&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Aug+11%2C+1898&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=DR.+WOOLSEY+BACON+AGAIN+FALLS+FOUL+OF+%22FIGHTING+BOB.%22&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  12. ^ "Notices of New Books: The Vatican Council by Leonard Woolsey Bacon". New Englander and Yale Review 31 (199): 133–35. April 1872. http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=nwng;cc=nwng;rgn=full%20text;idno=nwng0031-2;didno=nwng0031-2;view=image;seq=00389;node=nwng0031-2%3A1. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 
  13. ^ "Notices of New Books: Memorials of Mrs. Gould of Rome by Leonard Woolsey Bacon". New Englander and Yale Review 38 (152): 723–724. September 1879. http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=nwng;cc=nwng;rgn=full%20text;idno=nwng0038-5;didno=nwng0038-5;view=image;seq=00737;node=nwng0038-5%3A1. Retrieved 2009-12-04. 

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